Solar & battery
Solar Tilt Angle Calculator
Convert a roof pitch into a tilt angle, and see how it compares with the optimum.
Result
Roof-mounted panels almost always follow the roof, because tilting them up costs money, catches wind and often needs planning approval. The loss from a suboptimal pitch is usually small enough that adding one more panel is the cheaper fix.
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About this calculator
Should I tilt panels off the roof plane?
Seldom on a pitched roof. The racking is expensive, wind loading rises sharply and the row spacing needed to avoid self-shading costs more roof than the extra output is worth.
What about a flat roof?
There tilt is a real choice. A shallow 10 to 15 degree tilt is common, because steeper angles need wide spacing between rows and reduce the total capacity that fits.
The formula
tilt in degrees = arctangent(rise / 12)
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